dis-BrE/dɪs/NAmE/dɪs/prefix(in adjectives, adverbs, nouns and verbs构成形容词、副词、名词和动词)not; the opposite of不；非；相反；相对dishonest不诚实disagreeably不合意地disadvantage不利条件disappear消失dusty◇filthy◇muddy◇soiled◇grubby◇stained

These words all describe sb/sth that is not clean.以上各词均形容人或事物不干净、肮脏。

• dirtynot clean; covered with dust, soil, mud, oil, etc.指肮脏的、龌龊的、污秽的：If your hands are dirty, go and wash them.要是你的手脏了，就去洗一洗。
• dustyfull of dust; covered with dust指布满灰尘的、灰尘覆盖的：There were shelves full of dusty books.有些书架上全是布满灰尘的书。
• filthyvery dirty and unpleasant指肮脏的、污秽的：It's absolutely filthy in here.这里面脏得不得了。
• muddyfull of or covered in mud指沾满泥的、泥泞的：Don't you come in here with those muddy boots on!你不要穿着那双沾满泥浆的靴子进来！
• soiled(ratherformal)dirty, especially with waste from the body指肮脏的、龌龊的，尤指有人体排泄物的：soiled nappies/diapers脏尿布
• grubby(ratherinformal)rather dirty, usually because it has not been washed通常指因未经洗涤而肮脏的、邋遢的、污秽的：He hoped she wouldn't notice his grubby shirt cuffs.他希望她不会注意到他肮脏的衬衫袖口。
• stained(often in compounds) covered with stains; marked with a stain(=a dirty mark that is difficult to remove)（常构成复合词）指污渍斑斑的、沾有污渍的：a pair of paint-stained jeans一条沾满油漆的牛仔裤

Patterns

• dirty/dusty/filthy/muddy/soiled/grubby/stainedclothes
• dirty/dusty/filthy/grubbyhands
• a dirty/dusty/filthyroom
• togetdirty/dusty/filthy/muddy/stained